Clinicopathological Studies on the Impact of Nano Selenium Particles on the Growths and Some Biochemical Tests in E-Coli Experimentally Infected Broilers

Kilany, Omnia; Abdallah, Osama; Youssef, Fatma; Mabrouk, Marwa

doi:10.21608/scvmj.2023.308018

Clinicopathological Studies on the Impact of Nano Selenium Particles on the Growths and Some Biochemical Tests in E-Coli Experimentally Infected Broilers

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

² Department of Clinical Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Ismailia Branch.

10.21608/scvmj.2023.308018

Abstract

This scientific investigation aimed to explore the impact of nano-selenium (nano-Se) supplementation on growth parameters and specific biochemical indicators in broiler chickens. The study proceeded to evaluate the impact of the limited nano-selenium supplementation (0.3 and 0.5 milliliter/l in water) and the Escherichia coli challenge on the experimental groups. The control group exhibited condensed body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake, accompanied by an augmented feed conversion rate (FCR). In contrast, the groups challenged with the pathogen and supplemented with nano-Se displayed improvement in weight gain, and FCR than the challenged non-treated group. These results indicated that nano-Se supplementation can effectively mitigate the detrimental impact of the pathogen on the growth of broiler chickens.
Leukogram analysis showed that E. coli infection increased total leukocyte count (TLC) and heterophil count on the 7^th day, while on the 21^st day, there was an increase in TLC and lymphocyte count. In contrast, the challenged groups supplemented with nano-Se showed reduced TLC and increased lymphocyte count on the 7^th day and reduced TLC with increased heterophil count on the 21^st day compared with the infected group. Regarding serum biochemical parameters, the infected non-treated group had elevated levels of liver enzymes. However, the challenged groups supplemented with nano-Se showed decreased liver enzyme levels than the infected group. Escherichia. coli infection led to decreased total protein, albumin, and A/G ratio, along with increased globulin concentration. In addition, the challenged groups that received nano-selenium (nano-Se) treatment demonstrated elevated levels of the protein level, and albumin/globulin ratio, while the impact on globulin concentration varied among the groups. Furthermore, E. coli infection resulted in decreased serum glucose levels; implying that the nano-Se supplementation in the challenged group enhanced the immune response compared with the infected group that did not receive any treatment. The challenged group also displayed hypercholesterolemia, which was lowered in the groups challenged and supplemented by nano-Se. Finally, E. coli infection increased uric acid levels, which were reduced in the challenged groups supplemented with nano-Se. In conclusion, nano-selenium supplementation had positive effects on growth parameters and various biochemical tests in chickens challenged with E. coli.

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