Preparation and Evaluation of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Vaccine in Egypt

Attia, Mohamed; Fawzy, Mohamed; Ata, Emad Beshir; Elsayed, Eman K; Elshahedi, Mohamed Saed; Abdeldaim, Mohamed Moustafa

doi:10.21608/scvmj.2025.435248.1220

Preparation and Evaluation of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) Vaccine in Egypt

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Private Veterinarian in Ismailia Governorate

² Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

³ Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Center, Egypt

⁴ Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

10.21608/scvmj.2025.435248.1220

Abstract

Peste des petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly destructive and contagious viral disease that affects small ruminants such as sheep and goats. It is caused by the Peste des petits Ruminants virus (PPRV), which belongs to the Morbillivirus genus in the Paramyxoviridae family. In countries where PPR is prevalent, live attenuated PPR vaccines are considered crucial for controlling the disease as they provide long-lasting immunity. The purpose of this study was to create a potential vaccine candidate for PPRV using the Nigeria 75/1 strain. This study aimed to evaluate the PPRV harvest and the prepared vaccine quality control points including, titer, vacuum, relative humidity, the immunity and the safety of the prepared vaccine in target species and lab animals (guinea pigs and mice) at field dose and at 100 X dose. The virus neutralization test (VNT) was used to determine the immunogenicity 21 days post vaccination (DPV). The vaccine titer after lyophilization was 5.3 log₁₀ TCID₅₀ compared to 5.6 log₁₀ TCID₅₀before lyophilization. The prepared vaccine passed the quality control (QC) points including vacuum test, and the recorded relative humidity was around 1.6%. The safety profile was confirmed in the target and non-target species. It was safe even at the 100X dose. The seroconversion rate was 1.7 log₁₀ at 21 DPV in sheep and goats vaccinated with normal field dose (1ml) that contains 10^2.5 log₁₀. The vaccine successfully passed all the QC points. The proofed safety, and immunogenicity of the vaccine validate its usage for the disease control.

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